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Structure and Operating Principle of Conveyor Rollers
2026-04-01
Conveyor rollers typically consist of core components such as a cylindrical shell, a main shaft, bearings, and bearing housings. Their operating principle is based on friction or transmission force:
Drive Drum: Power is transmitted via an electric motor or reducer, and the friction between the drum and the conveyor belt drives continuous belt operation. A rubber-encased design can increase the coefficient of friction—for example, rubber encasement can raise the coefficient from 0.25 to over 0.4.
Direction-changing idlers: By arranging the idlers at specific angles, the belt’s running direction is altered (e.g., DTII-type belt conveyors use deflection angles ranging from 45° to 180°), thereby ensuring the accuracy of the material conveying path.
Tensioning roller: Works in conjunction with hydraulic or weight-driven mechanisms to dynamically adjust belt tension, thereby preventing slippage (proper tensioning can keep belt elongation within 0.3%).
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